Blindstitch sewing-machine.



T. J. HAYES L H. C.' MOULTON.

BLINDSTITCH SEWING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED MM/42,1916.

1 ,273,855 Patented Jul-y 30, 1918.

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llllllllllllllllllll |||I|| lnvenos. Thomas d. Hayes Hude), GMOIton AIIyS.

1.1. HAYES L H. c. MouLToN BLINDSTITCH SEWING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 2, 1916.

Patented July 30, 1918.

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uNrrED STATES PATENT Omron."

THOMAS JQHAYES, OF ROSLINDALE, Ann HARLEY o. MoULTON, lor DORCHESTEB, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNORS To ARBETTER FELLING MACHINE COMPANY, 10F. BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS, A CORPORATION or MATNE,

IBLINIDSTI'ICI-ll SEWING-MACHINE.

following description, in connection with the accompanying drawing7 is a specification, like characters on the drawing representing like parts.

This invention relates to the stitch-forming mechanism of sewing machines andv more particularlyto that type of sewing ma chine in which the complemental elements of the stitch-forming mechanism aie'located both at the saine side of the Work. A

The invention particularly relates to that type of mechanism in which a curved needle is employed and a complemental stitchforining mechanism in which the loop taker is of the rotary or revolving hook type, although it will be' obvious that as to certain .features of the invention it is immaterial Whether the loop takerrotates or oscillates,A or Whether it iS of the hook type. One ob-V ject of the invention is to enable the loop of needle thread to be entered with certainty by the beak of the loop taker. This is particularly desirable in machines' such as that illustrated wherein the needle has a shogging or laterally vibra-ted movement, thus requiring the beak to enter the loop of needle thread in two different and more or less widely separated positions. r Y

Another object of the invention is. to cause the pull on the thread in Setting the sti tch to take place substantially in line with the path of the needle or the plane of the work and thus minimize the tendency of the beak to lift the Work from off the Work Sup-` port.

Another object of the invention is to provide a novel relative arrangement of curved j` needle and complemental-loop taker to en-A able the parts to Voccupy a compact space and yet secure the stitch-forming functions in an efficient manner. This'is accomplished in the present kinvention by arranging the parts so that the needle passes outside of Specification Of Letters Patent. Patented July 30, 1918 Application filed May 2, 1916. i i

Serial No. 94,986.

or across the face of the beak of the loop taker and further `by arranging the parts so that the axis ofA the loop taker shaft is substantially normal to fa tangent to the path of the needle at the loop takin-g point.

Another object of the invention is to provide the loop taker, andvvhen employed, its inclosed bobbin case and bobbin With a Vcasing presenting a Smooth exterior'lowver Surface and preferably' forming a substantial continuation of the presser foot so that the work may 'be fed beneath and past the presser foot and loop taker Without contactling with the stitchi'orming mechanism except at the stitching point.`

Another object of the invention is to provide for proper illumination of the/Work at the 'stitching point notwithstanding the location of the complemental stitch forming mechanism intherear of the stitching point and close tothe Work.l

Another object of the invention is to pro-iA vide a construction ofthe character set forthplate of a blind-stitch sewing machine of the Arbetter type embodying 'one form of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is an end elevation partially in ver-pKV tical cross-section of the construction shownV in Fig. l; l Y

Fig.v 3 iS a top plan view enlarged of the presser foot and bobbin case forming a part of the machine; .Y

VFig. 4 is an end elevation With some Vof the parts removed and broken away ofv the forward end of the overhanging armand bedplate of a blind stitch sewing machine of a different type embodying another form of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a detail in rontelevation ofthe presser Jr`oot,loop taker and casing Shown in Fig. 4; Y Y

Fig. 6 is a plan view partially in crosssection taken on the line 6 6, Fig. 4C;

Fig. 7 is a bottom plan view of the loop taker, casing and portion of the presser foot with the casing vcover shown open.

The invention is herein shown as embodied in a blind-stitch sewing machine and designed for felling, but it is obvious` that in many of its features the invention is not limited to a particular type of sewing machine. Only so much of the machine is illustrated as is necessary to an understanding of the present invention.

In Figs. 1 to 3 inclusiveA theinve'ntion' is shown in one form embodied in a' blind stitch sewing machine of the Arbetter type and in the remaining figures is shown in another and improved form embodied in a machine ofthe general type shown in the patent to Hayes No. 1,131,373 granted March 9, 1915.

Referringv rst to the construction' illustrated in'Figs. 1 to 3 inclusive, the' bed plate 1 and the o\ferhanging arm 2 are shown broken away so that only the forward portion of each is shown. The vertically movable work support 3 which characterizes the Arbetter type of machine and the bender 4 for forming a bend in the work for thc passage of the needle are shown as to their effective portions, but as they are not particularly involved with the present invention the means by which they are operated are omitted. The presser-foot 5 is rigidly secured at G to the post 7 depending from the head 8 of the overhanging arm and is formed in a suitable manner as shown in Fig. 8

to receive the bender to guide the needle` and to guide the pieces of'work to be stitched together all in a manner well known and familiar.

In this blind-stitch type of machine the stitch-fgrming mechanism is located entirely at one side of the work and in the form illustrated at the upper side of the work so that the thread is carried by the needle into and out of thev same side of the work and is interlocked by the second thread also on the same side so that the stitching may not appear upon the opposite sideof the work. A curved needle is employed because greater accuracy of stitching, a finer class of work and more satisfactory results are secured. A shogging or laterally vibrated movement of the needle is also desirable in the uniting of two or more layersv of work in felling or padding. This requires that the needle shall cooperate in two quite widely separated points with the complemental instrumentality such as the thread carrying rotary hook. These and the other requirements of the sewing machine render the construction and location of the complemental parts of the stitch-forming mechanism a somewhat complicated problem.

ln the construction illustrated the curved needle 9 is mounted on a needle carrier 10 Vhaving' an extended bearing in a hub 11 of the vertical rocker,` 12. A link 13 connects a crank 14 on the needle carrier to an eccentric 15 on the main shaft 16 extending through the overhanging arm so that the needle is given thereby a reciprocating or oscillating movement to carry the thread into and out of the work. The oscillation or lateral vibration of the needle whereby it makes two or more rows of stitches is secured by the oscillation of the rocker 12 from the main shaft ina manner well known to those familiar with the Arbetter machine.

The complemental mechanism which cooperating with the needle forms the stitch shown as a'rotary or revolving hook with' a contained bobbin case and bobbin of the general character of the Wheeler & Vilso'n" seizes the loop of thread thrown out by the needle the needle is then passingY outside of or past the face ofthe hook with its path substantially parallel to the face of the hook. This is secured by having the hook shaft and consequently the axis of rotation of the hook projecting upwardly in a line substantially norm alto a tangent to the path of the needle at the loop taking point. It is meant by the word substantially to allow some variation in either direction from a true normal or ri ght-angled position because. within a reasonable deviation therefrom the advantage of the invention may be secured. In the drawing the axis of the hook is for this reason y and carries at its upper end a bevel gear 1S meshing directly with a coperatingbevel gear 19 mounted on'the main driving shaft 1G. At its lower end the shaft 17carries the hook-20 provided with the beak 21 and a castofl shoulder to insure the needle thread being properly cast off as required by this' The inclosed bobbin case 23v type of hook. containing the bobbin 24- is preferably seated to travel in the hook interior in the manner familiar to the Wheeler & Wilson type ofhook, and is held from rotation by a projection 25 extending'from the bobbin case and loosely engaging a recess 26 inthe presserfoot. The bobbin case is provided with an aperture 27 the purpose of which is to'allow The hook shaft, of

Y of the needle but slightly.

the hook to be placed as close as possible to the needle- The point of the needle in its forward thrust enters this aperture, but of'k beneath or across the face of the beak of the.

hook and when the beak enters the loop of thread thrown out by the needle thel path of the needle at that point isl substantially parallel to the face of the hook. This insures the pull on the thread in setting the stitch taking place in a direction generally parallel with the work so that there is little tendency to draw the work up through the presser-foot and the stitch is properly tightened. This 1 relation of the hook and the needle 01 eomplemental parts of the stitch-forming mechanism also gives a wide `range within which the beakfof the hook mayenter the loop thrown out by the needle, because it will be seenlthat in whatever po sition the needle may lie by reason of a shogging or lateral vibration the beak of theV hook will still be moving at the loop-taking point substantially parallel to the path of the needle, and so will be in practically no danger of failing to enter the loop by reason of the height of the loop.V But the vlength of the loop thrown out Yby the needle is considerable so that thebeak of the hook hasa considerable range in the line of the seam within which it may enter the loop and as it is moving along the arc of a circle substantially at right vangles to the path of the needle it varies in distance along the path Again it is to be noted that by positioning the parts as described the beak may be brought down at or near the face of the hook and the needle allowed to enter the bobbin case thus insuring a comparatively short needle which is desirable for strength and accuracy in stitching. Y

In the construction illustrated suitable clearance .is provided for the passage of the needle back of the point of the beak of the hook by cutting away the beak slightly on its lower surface as may be seen in Fig. 2 of the drawing. y f

rIhe driving connection for the hook sim.- plifies and cheapens the construction, renders unnecessary any movement of the hook or its shaft bodily out of position, and yet allows the bobbin to be readily removed from the bobbin'case because there is nothing to interfere with its removal owing to the position of thehook.

The second form of the invention is shown in Figs. 4 to 7 inclusive and involves certain additional features which may also be embodied in the type of machine already described. I In thislatter form the blind-stitch sewing machineA illustrated is shown as ofv the general type illustrated in the aforesaid patent to Hayes No. 1,131,373 'wherein'the needle carrier 28 with its curved needle 29 is pivotally mounted to thetb'ar 30 project-VV ing downwardly from Ian overhanging. arm on an axis` 31 extending transverselyat an oblique angle sok that the oscillations of the needle takeplace -in planes obliquely inclined to the surface of the work.Y The oscillation of the needle is effected by a link 32 in a generally 'similar manner as in the Arbetter type of machine already described and the needle may be moved bodily later ally to produce laterally separated rows of stitches by any suitable means such, for eX- ample, as illustrated in the aforesaid patent to Hayes.V Y A casing 33 projects downwardly from th overhanging arm -in the rear of the needle' and serves to inclose the rotary loop taker and its driving shaft. This Casing may be cast integral withthe overhanging varm and may also project upwardly in the interior ofthe overhanging arm at 34 to form af further bearing for the shaft. The rotary loop taker is illustratedas of the same general form as Vthat alreadydescribed in con-- neetion with the previous construction. As

shown it isof the Wheeler & Vilsontypel of rotary hook with a contained bobbin case and bobbin. The hook shaft`35 carries at its upper end a beveled gear 361meshing`directly with acoperating beveled'v gear 37 mounted on the main Vdriving shaft 38 of the machine. At its lower end theshaft 35 carries the hook 39 provided with a beak The-casing33 isprovided with a cover 46V and completely incloses the loop taker en cepting at the front where proper opening is left to enable the coperation of theneedley and loop taker- In the constructionillus trated this casingattheifront of the loop taker-is faced ofi' vertically at both sides of the front opening` and the presser-foot 47 is secured directly thereto, the upwardly projecting lugs 48 of the presser foot being' secured to the casing by the set screws 49. The presser-foot is thus rigidly and firmly held in position against the pressure of the work which in the caseV of these machines is given from below.

As in the case of the construction previously vdescribed the presser -foot extends rearwardly at 50 beneath the path `of the bleak of the loop taker and is provided with a recess 51 to receive loosely theprd jection from thebobbin case. i'

Thepresser foot as hereinv` illustratedhas be all'substantially of the conj its lower or work contacting surface 52 at an oblique angle tothe horizontal and thek -This feature forms no part of the present invention but is used in practice to affect the desired angle between the plane of the work. and the plane of oscillation of the needle.

The feeding mechanism comprises a' suitable feed dog 54C but as the means for operating it are not involved in the present invention they are not illustrated nor described. The work is also presented at the stitching point when required by a bender 55 which is operated at the required intervals to force the work up through an aperture in the presser-footl into the path of the curved needle, but again as the operating mechanism for the bender is not involved in the present invention it is noty illustrated nor described.

The cover 4G of the hook casing is shown as comprising an outwardly convex disk 5G with an upwardly projecting ring extending around substantially the rear half of the hook, the remaining half being formed by the integral front portion of the casing. This cover is removable in order to enable access to be had to the hook for the removal and replacement of the bobbin and bobbin casing. To secure this end the cover in the construction illustrated is shown as pivted at 57, and provided with a snap catch 58 so that it may be swung to one side on the pivot exposing the hook and inclosed bobbin and bobbin case. The disk 56 of the cover extends completely beneath the hook excepting that portion which is protected by the rearward extension 50 of the pressenfoot. This extension fits in a recess 59 formed in the' cover for that purpose.

On its under surface the cover is preferably finished off smooth and as the lower surface of the presser-foot is smooth, and as the cover andv presser-foot form substantially one continuous surface it will be observed that as theV work is fed along beneath the stitch-forming mechanism the work isv protected at all times from contact with any part of the stitclrforming mechanism, either the needle or the hook, except, of course, at

'the stitching point where the presser-foot is in the general horizontal relation required' by this invention, that is, with the hook axis substantially normal to the work, more or less of a shadow is cast upon the work at the stitching point by the mechanism of the machine. To obviate any objection from this source the invention provides for a proper illumination of the work at the stitching point. This result' is secured by providing light admitting openings 60 in the upstanding periphery of the casing cover. The inner surface of the cover is polished or otherwise finished to reflect light while the lower surface of the hook and bobbin casing is also as usual of a highly polished character. The light, therefore, passes within the casing and is reiiectedback and forth out ofthe opening at the front of the easing` directly onto the work at the stitching point.

The present invention has been described with respect to both types ofmachines, particularly in connection with the rotary 0r revolving hook of the l/Vheeler & lVilson type, but it is obvious from the explanation of the principles of the invention that it is not to be restricted to this particular type of complemental loop taker. The character of movement of the loop taker whether rotary or oscillating, whether of uniform or variable speed; the structural principle of the loop taker; the method by which the loop taker coperates with the needle thread whether by casting oif as in the hook type or by passing bodily through the loop of needle thread as in the shuttle type are all immaterial so far as the broader aspects of this invention are concerned.

It will also be understood that the construction of hook, casing and presser-foot illustrated and described in connection with Figs. 4L to 7 inclusive is not to be limited to its use in the particular type'of machine 105 illustrated in these figures but that the improvements described are equally applicable to the Arbetter type of machine or to other types of blind stitch sewing machines.

This application is a continuation in part 110 of application No. 864,709 filed October 3, 1914, the constructions illustrated in Figs. l to 3 inclusive of the present drawings being precisely the same as in the aforesaid application.

Having fully described our invention, what we claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

l. A sewing machine comprising in combination a curved needle, means for oscillat- 120 ing itabout its axis of curvature, a rotary hook having its axis located substantially normal to a. tangent to the path of the needle at the loop-taking point, and a bobbin case inclosed in said hook and provided with an 125 aperture in its wall to receive the end of the needle upon its forward oscillation.

2. A sewing machine comprising in combination a curved needle, means for oscillating it about its axis of curvature, a rotary 130 hook having its axis located substantially normal to a tangent to the path of the needle at the loop-taking point, a presser-foot, and a bobbin case inclosed in said hook and having a projection extending therefrom and loosely engaging with the presser-foot to prevent rotation of the bobbin case while allowing the passage of the loop of needle thread therearound.

3. A blind-stitch sewing machine comprising a curved needleand means for oscillating it, a presser-foot rigidly located with respect to the path of the needle and acting to guide the needle in its oscillation, a complemental rotary thread carrying hook having its axis located substantially normal to a tangent to the path of the needle at the loop-taking point, a bobbin case inclosed in said hook, and means for loosely connecting the bobbin case and presser-foot to prevent rotation of the former.

4. A sewing machine comprisingin combination a curved needle, means for oscillating the needle about its axis of curvature, and means for laterally vibrating the needle, a rotary hook having its axis located substantially normal to a tangent to the path of the needle at the loop taking point, and a bobbin case inclosed in said hook and provided with an aperture in its wall to receive the end of the needle upon its forward osc illation in any of its paths of lateral vibration.

5. A sewing machine comprising in combination a curved needle, means for oscillating it about its axis of curvature, a rotary loop taker having its axis located substan` tially normal to the path of the needle at the loop taking point, and a thread supply carried by the loop taker and about which the needle thread is carried by the loop taker in the formation of the stitch.

6. A sewing machine comprising in combination a curved needle, means for oscillating it about its axis of curvature, a rotary loop taker having its'axis located substantially normal to a tangent to the path of the needle at the loop taking point, a casing for said loop taker extending beneath said loop taker, and means for Vfeeding the work past said needle and beneath said casing. v

/7. A sewing machine comprising in combination a curved needle, means for oscillating 'itabout its axis of curvature, a rotary loop taker having its axis located substantially normal to a tangent to the path of the needle at the loop taking point, a casing for said loop taker extending beneathsaid loop taker, said casing being open in front to permit the cooperation of the needle and loop taker and being provided about its periphery with light admitting openings whereby the light may pass therethrough and then j 'loop taker having its axis located substantially normal to a tangent to the path of the needle at the loop taking point, a casing for said loop taker extending beneath said loop taker, the portion of said casing extending beneath the loop taker being sep-v arable from the remainder of the casing whereby access may be had to the loop taker.

9. A sewing machine comprising in combination a curved needle, means for oscillating it about its axis of curvature, a rotary hook having its axis located substantially normal to a tangent to the path of the needle at the loop taking point, a bobbin case inclosed in said hook and provided with a thread supply, a casing for` said hook extending beneath said hook, the portion of said casing extending beneath the hook being separable from the remainder of the casing whereby access may be had to the bobbin case and thread supply.

10. A sewing machine comprising in combination a curved needle, means for oscillating it about its axis of curvature, a rotary loop taker having its axis located substantially normal to a tangent to the path iof the needle at the loop taking point, a presserfoot extending beneath the path of the beak of the loop taker, a casing for said loop taker extending beneath said loop taker and forming a substantial continuation of the presser-foot, and means for feeding the work beneath and past the needle, presserfoot and casing whereby the work is pro-v bobbin case located in said casing with thel axis of rotation substantially normal to a tangent to the path of the needle at the loop taking point, a presser-foot secured to andv supported from the lower front face of `said casing, a cover for and inclosing the bottom of the casing, and means for feeding the work beneath and past said presser-foot and casing cover. n Y

In testimony whereof, we have signed our names to this specification. Y

' THOMAS J. HAYES.

HARLEY C. MOULTON.

ico

Gopies of this patent may be obtained for fiveV cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Y i

Washington, YIl). G. 

